When a premature separation takes place between the placenta and its implanted embryo in the uterus, a placental abruption is understood to have taken place. The blood vessels inside the placenta carry nutrients and oxygen to the child from the mother. If the placenta starts to get detached during pregnancy, then bleeding from these vessels take place. The greater the detachment, the greater is the bleeding. 1 out of every 120 births experiences a placental abruption. It is also known as abruption placenta. A placental abruption takes place if the uterus meets with a direct trauma like in the case of an accident. But other causes which might lead to a placental abruption are unknown. However conditions like previous pregnancy with placental abruption, hypertension, excessive smoking and multiple pregnancies are associated with placental abruption.
It is dangerous to experience a placental abruption because of the tremendous amount of uncontrolled bleeding it causes, also known as hemorrhage. Other complications that usually accompany a placental abruption are hemorrhage, shock, disseminated vascular coagulation which is a severe blood clotting complication, poor blood flow, damage to the brain, and damage to the kidneys, still birth of your baby and after delivery hemorrhage. There are some common symptoms of placental abruption. These symptoms would include dark red vaginal bleeding accompanied with pain during the third trimester of your nine month pregnancy. It might also take place during labour. However each woman is subject to experience different symptoms. These symptoms will include vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions, blood in the amniotic fluid, nausea, fainting, thirstiness, and reduced fetal movements. However these symptoms are associated with a number of ailments so do consults a doctor before reaching an abrupt conclusion.
Placental abruption is usually diagnosed by the symptoms and the amount of bleeding or pain experienced by the patient. Ultrasounds also help to show the location of the bleeding as well as how the fetus is placed. There are three kinds of placental abruption. Grade 1 placental abruption – shows small amounts of vaginal bleeding and some contractions in the uterus. There are usually no signs of the fetus experiencing distress and neither does the mother have low blood pressure. Grade 2 placental abruption – in this case, there is mild amount of bleeding also called concealed bleeding, there are uterine contractions as well and the heart beat of the fetus is barely noticeable. Grade 3 placental abruption – there is severe bleeding in this case. The uterine contractions in this case do not relax, there is also abdominal pain and low blood pressure experienced by the mother before the fetus is declared to be dead. In some cases, placental abruption might not even be diagnosed till after the delivery when behind the placenta; only a clot of blood is found.
How to treat your placental abruption is going to be decided by your doctor after he checks with a number of things – your state of pregnancy, your overall health, your medical history, extent of the abruption, your tolerance of certain medicines an therapies, expectations from the course and your opinion.
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