Cholestasis of Pregnancy:

During the alter stages of pregnancy, some women begin to feel very very itchy. This is probably the result of cholestatis, a disorder of the liver that occurs only during pregnancy called as Cholestasis of Pregnancy. In this case of cholestatis, the usual flow of bile in the gall bladder is affected by a high dose of pregnancy hormones. Cholestatis is most prevalent during the last trimester when the pregnancy hormones are functioning at their peak but they should be gone very soon after your delivery. Cholestatis of pregnancy affects the functioning of the gallbladder which is why the flow of bile is restricted when this occurs. Bile is mandatory for the breaking down of fat in the digested food. When the flow of bile is restricted due to cholestatis, the bile acids may build up and flow into the blood stream which quite naturally is not very healthy.

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When the placenta is attached abnormally deep through the endometrium into the middle layer of the uterine wall, the condition is referred to as placenta accreta. Placenta accreta can be of three kinds and this depends completely on the depth of penetration. Under normal conditions, the placenta accrete is supposed to detach itself naturally from the uterine wall but there are women who experience placenta accreta while giving birth to their child and are thus at a great risk of going through a hemorrhage while the placenta will be removed surgically. Surgery is the usual method adopted for the process of removal of the placenta as well as to control the bleeding. In severe cases of placenta accreta, the situation can lead to a hysterectomy or even be fatal. It is not a very common complication and affects only 1 out of 2500 pregnancies.

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When a premature separation takes place between the placenta and its implanted embryo in the uterus, a placental abruption is understood to have taken place. The blood vessels inside the placenta carry nutrients and oxygen to the child from the mother. If the placenta starts to get detached during pregnancy, then bleeding from these vessels take place. The greater the detachment, the greater is the bleeding. 1 out of every 120 births experiences a placental abruption. It is also known as abruption placenta. A placental abruption takes place if the uterus meets with a direct trauma like in the case of an accident. But other causes which might lead to a placental abruption are unknown. However conditions like previous pregnancy with placental abruption, hypertension, excessive smoking and multiple pregnancies are associated with placental abruption.

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treatment of Molar pregancy:

A molar pregnancy is a kind of a gestational trophoblastic ailment. The mol can be either complete or partial. It is a very rare complication with only 1/1000 cases detected in the United States and 1/2000 cases detected in the Continent. However it is slightly more common in Southeast Asia and Mexico. It is still not known why a molar pregnancy occurs but nutritional deficiency like the lack of protein and carotene and ovular defects are usually associated with molar pregnancy.

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Cervical Incompetancy:

Cervical incompetence refers to a kind of cervix that is not strong enough to stay closed during a pregnancy, thus giving birth to premature babies and in most occasions the baby dies as it does not get enough of gestational time to develop. Cervical Incompetancy is understood that due to cervical incompetence about 20 to 25% of all pregnancies get terminated in the second trimester itself. This incompetence can surface from as early as the second trimester to as later as the third trimester. There is no definite time of its surfacing. The treatment of an incompetent cervix can either be manual or ultrasonographic. Ultrasonography is used when the cervical opening is more than 2.5 cm or the length has reduced to less than 20 mm. sometimes when the internal part of the cervix has begun to efface, funneling is also used to treat an incompetent cervix. The external opening is usually safe when the diagnosis takes place in time. The reasons that make the chances of a woman suffering from an incompetent cervix are cervical trauma, DES exposure, hormonal imbalances, forced D & C, uterine anomalies and congenitally short cervixes.

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