What is leukemia cancer: Leukemia is a termed as a serious cancer that occurs in the tissue that forms blood cells. Leukemia causes the bone marrow to produce abnormal white blood cells which are known as leukemia cells. These cells don’t die when they should and moreover causes damage to the normal cells by stopping their nature of work. Leukemia cells contain three main characteristics.Leukemia cancer also causes multiple myeloma cancer disease.
• Rapid growth without controlling limit.
• Mobility of these uncontrolled cells from original state to distant state.
• Destruction of adjacent body tissues by the spreading of uncontrolled cells through blood or lymph.
Leukemia cells damages white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. They completely damage the stem cells from producing white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets.
Leukemia cancer is categorized in two four types they are: Leukemia is classified into chronic and acute by staging the advancement of the disease.
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: This disease grows slowly and affects the lymphoid cells. This type of disease can be found in only adults. More than 15000 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are registered for every year.
• Chronic myeloid leukemia: This disease grows slowly and affects the myeloid cells. For every year, more than 5000 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia are registered. This type of disease can be found in only adults.
• Acute lymphocytic leukemia: This disease grows quickly and attacks the lymphoid cells more effectively. This type of disease can be found in children. More than 5000 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia are registered for every year.
• Acute myeloid leukemia: This disease grows quickly and attacks the myeloid cells more effectively. This type of disease can be found in both children and adults. More than 13000 cases of acute myeloid leukemia are registered for every year.
Causes of leukemia: Till now no one knows the exact reason for the causes of this cancer, but the risk factors for this leukemia are identified.
Risk factors for Leukemia cancer:
• Smoking: Smoking increases the risk factor for causing leukemia. Due to intake of nicotine content for longer time there will changes in the working nature of the stem cells. So, please avoid smoking to reduce the risk factors.
• Radiation Therapy: Due to excess radiations in the body, the risk factors for leukemia increases. Radiations like diagnose X-rays or UV rays increase the chances of occurring leukemia.
• Chemotherapy: Excess usage of anti-cancer drugs increases the risk factors for leukemia due to hormone changes.
• Benzene exposure: Exposure to benzene will increase the risk factor for leukemia due to inhale of harmful chemical agents.
• Family history of leukemia: Family history of leukemia also plays a key role in increasing the risk factors. So go for regular screening to diagnose the disease.
• Human T-cell Leukemia virus type I: People suffering with HTLV I infection have more risk factor in having leukemia.
• Myelodysplastic syndrome and certain other blood disorders: People who have blood disorders can have the chance of causing leukemia in them.
• Down syndrome: People having Down syndrome disease will face leukemia.
Symptoms and signs of leukemia:
• Pain in the joints
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fevers
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Regular infections
• Bleeding
• Swelling of abdomen part
• Tiredness
Many of the above mentioned symptoms are not due to cancer but to some infection causes. If you find any of these symptoms lasts for longer time please report to your health care provider to diagnose the problem.
Treatment for leukemia disease:
Stem Cell Transplant:
Stem cell transplantation is a useful process in treating the leukemia cells by allowing the body to face high doses of radiation and drugs. These high doses will completely destroy the leukemia cells and normal cells in the bone marrow. After the complete destruction of the leukemia and normal cells by the radiation and chemotherapy, new cells are produced by the Transplanted stem cells. These new cells replace the destroyed cells during the treatment.
Stem cell transplantation is carried in the hospital and after the transplantation process, patient should be in the hospital for several weeks or months for observation of stem cells production.
Stem cell is taken from three ways:
From you: Your old stem cell is removed and stored, after the treatment of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the old stem cell is replaced for the production of new normal cells.
From family member: Stem cell from your family donor can be taken by checking out the blood group by the doctors. If the blood group matches then the stem cell transplantation can be done.
From your identical twin: You can take stem cell from your identical twin by using syngeneic stem cell transplant.
Radiation Therapy: Radiotherapy is a useful process in removing cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. These high energy x-rays are aimed at the cancer affected part of the body to destroy the cancer cells. This process also causes damage to the normal cells for its side effects.
Biological Therapy: Due to weak immune system in the body, there are chances for the development of cancer. So this Biotherapy treatment process is useful in rebuilding strong immune system in the body. Biotherapy is also called as immunotherapy or biological response modifier therapy. This treatment process is really useful in repairing, enhancing and stimulating the weak immune system.
Targeted Therapy: Targeted therapy drugs are very useful in blocking the growth of leukemia cells. People facing with chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia can use this targeted therapy drugs for better results.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy drugs are also called as anti-cancer drugs used to destroy cancer cells .there are many types of chemotherapy drugs available in the market for the treatment of cancer. These drugs are available in the form of pills but mostly given by drip into the blood veins. Chemotherapeutic drugs attacks the cancer cells by stopping their unusual growth. The nature of the cancer cells were brought to the normal condition by controlling the divisibility of the cells. These drugs are carried in the bloodstream to kill destroy all the cancer cells within short period of time.
This cancer chemotherapy drug can be given at either clinic or at home. The usage of this drug can be daily, weekly or monthly depending on the stage of the cancer and by body immune system. Chemotherapy treatment is given by considering the following basis like age, gender, drug toxicity and body weight. The dosage and usability should be carried under proper supervision.Chemotherapy drugs contain side effects if it is taken in high doses.
Leukemia is treated as a serious disease due to its effects. It can be treated only in the starting stage of its occurrence. It is a disease of blood cells. Leukemia causes are not identified and it is termed in two ways, chronic and acute. Treatment for this disease depends upon the cells rate, content of the disease, age and healthy state of the patient. Most of them were carried with chemotherapy and radiation therapy for curing leukemia.
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