Endocrine cancer: Endocrine cancer occurs in the endocrine system. Endocrine system produces hormone secretion glands such as pancreatic, adrenal, thyroid, pituitary and pancreatic glands. So, due to endocrine cancer, these glands will be affected by cancer cells. This endocrine cancer causes other cancers like pancreatic cancer, thyroid cancer and prostate cancer. This endocrine cancer is treated as malignant cancer because it spreads to other organs and tissues.
These cancer cells grow unusually in the endocrine tissue and develop into malignant tumor. The Tumor which is formed by the cancer cells will interrupt the endocrine functions like producing excess hormones.
Endocrine tumors start from many tissues of endocrine system. Metastatic endocrine cancer can be caused by the spread of cancerous cells from other parts of the body to endocrine cells. Till now, there is no exact reason for the cause of primary endocrine cancer and metastatic endocrine cancer. But many risk factors were identified by the researchers which are more likely to increase the chance of occurring endocrine cancer.
Risk factors for endocrine cancers:
• Radiation exposure: Skin exposure to UV rays will increase the chance of having endocrine cancer.
• HIV:Due to HIV in the body,the immune system gets weak by the failure of plasma cells and our body exposes to infections which increase the chance of having endocrine cancer.
• Family heredity:Endocrine cancer also links up with family heredity.
• Previous cancer history:Person who is suffering with other cancer diseases have more risk factors in causing endocrine cancer.
Symptoms of endocrine cancer:
• Weak immune system
• Body weakness
• Headaches
• Seizures
• Nausea and vomiting
• Memory loss
Treatments for endocrine cancer: Treatment for this disease depends upon several factors like tumor size, shape, age of the patient, patient health condition and cancer type. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the three major types of treatments available for curing endocrine cancer.
Surgery: Surgery is the most common available treatment for removing endocrine cancer cells. Surgery is carried to remove the endocrine tumor. Surgery can be carried in the early stages of the tumor occurrence. Surgery is taken place only if the cancer is located in only one part of the body. During the surgery process the damaged lymph nodes are also removed along with the endocrine tumor.
Radioactive iodine therapy: Radioactive iodine therapy uses radio active I-131 drug to kill cancer cells in the endocrine system. This I-131 drug is given only in the form of pill or liquid through mouth with fewer doses.
Hormone treatment: Hormonal therapy can be useful to cure and control the endocrine cancer cells from growth. Hormonal therapy process changes the level of endometruim hormones in the body and blocks the hormones from cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments useful in killing endocrine cancer causing cells by the usage of drugs. This treatment process is carried by either pills or through intravascular injections. The anti-cancer drug enters into the bloodstream and travels towards the damaged tissues and destroys the endocrine cancer cells.
Chemotherapeutic drugs attacks the cancer cells by stopping their unusual growth. The nature of this endocrine cancer cells were brought to the normal condition by controlling the divisibility of the cells. This cancer chemotherapy drug can be given at either clinic or at home. The usage of this drug can be daily, weekly or monthly depending on the stage of the cancer and body immune system. Chemotherapy treatment is given by considering the following basis like age, gender, drug toxicity and body weight. The dosage and usability should be carried under proper supervision.
Radiotherapy: This treatment is based on the extent of the disease. Radiotherapy is a useful process helps in removing endocrine cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. These high energy x-rays are aimed at the endocrine tumor to destroy the cancer cells .This process also causes damage to the normal cells for its side effects. So, external radiation therapy is used to treat this endocrine cancer with fewer side effects.
• External radiation therapy: External radiation therapy process is carried out from outside the body. The powerful x-ray beams are aimed at the effected area from outside the body and destroy the cancer causing cells permanently without re-occurrence.
• Internal radiations: High intensity X-ray beams are passed into the body by making some small incisions in the endocrine system. This treatment gives better results than the external radiation therapy.
Endocrine cancer is the most common type of cancer which occurs in adults. There are different types of endocrine cancer in which many of them were malignant tumors. Treatment process for all types of endocrine cancer involves surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
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